Strengthening the Shield: India’s Missile Tests Reinforce Strategic Deterrence

18/07/2025

India's successful test-firing of its nuclear-capable short-range ballistic missiles, Prithvi-II and Agni-I, on July 17 from the Integrated Test Range off the Odisha coast, reaffirms the nation's steadfast commitment to maintaining a robust and credible strategic deterrence. Coming under the aegis of the Strategic Forces Command (SFC), these launches validated all operational and technical parameters, sending a clear message of India's defense preparedness and technological maturity. The significance of these tests extends far beyond the launch pad. At a time when the geopolitical environment in the subcontinent remains tense-with residual aftershocks from the May military standoff between India and Pakistan-India's focus on operational readiness and credible minimum deterrence becomes all the more pertinent. Both Prithvi-II (with a range of ~350 km and capable of carrying nuclear and conventional warheads) and Agni-I (range of 700-900 km, 1,000 kg payload capacity) are key components of India's nuclear triad. Their successful test-firing reaffirms India's doctrine of No First Use, but with the credible assurance of a strong and swift second-strike capability.
Equally notable is the successful test of the Akash Prime surface-to-air missile in Ladakh, tailored for high-altitude operations above 4,500 metres. This follows the exceptional performance of India's indigenous air defense systems during Operation Sindoor, underlining the growing sophistication of domestic defense manufacturing. The test not only bolsters India's air defense shield in strategically sensitive border areas but also showcases the ability of indigenous systems to adapt to evolving battlefield requirements. India's defense policy is shaped by the principle of strategic restraint, but such restraint is grounded in strength. With the regional and global security order becoming increasingly unpredictable, the modernization and regular validation of India's missile arsenal act as both a reassurance to allies and a deterrent to adversaries.
Moreover, these developments highlight the growing synergy between India's scientific community and armed forces. The DRDO, in collaboration with the Armed Forces and Strategic Forces Command, has ensured that India's missile program remains among the most credible in the developing world. While India remains a proponent of peace and diplomacy, the successful test-firing of Prithvi-II, Agni-I, and Akash Prime underscores that peace is best preserved through strength. The latest round of missile tests not only fortify India's defense posture but also reflect the country's determination to safeguard its sovereignty with resilience and resolve.

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